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K-AMIAR
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Megazyme INC
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其它检测试剂盒
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3392242852
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商品介绍
AmmoniaAssayKit,fortherapidmeasurementandanalysisofammoniainallsamples,includinggrapejuiceandwine(andotherfoods/beverages).
ExtendedcofactorsstABIlity.Dissolvedcofactorsstablefor>1yearat 4oC.
Suitableformanual,auto-analyserandmicroplateformats.
Grapeandwineanalysis:Oenologiststoexploitadvancedtestkits.
Charnock,S.C.&McCleary,B.V.(2005).RevuedesEnology,117,1-5.
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Itiswithoutdoubtthattestingplaysapivotalrolethroughoutthewholeofthevinificationprocess.ToproducethebestpossIBLequalitywineandtominimiseprocessproblemssuchas“stuck”fermentationortroublesomeinfections,itisnowrecognisedthatifpossibletestingshouldbeginpriortoharvestingofthegrapesandcontinuethroughtobottling.TrADItionalmethodsofwineanalysisareoftenexpensive,timeconsuming,requireeitherelaborateequipmentorspecialistexpertiseandfrequentlylackaccuracy.However,enzymaticbio-analysisenablestheaccuratemeasurementofthevastmajorityofanalytesofinteresttothewinemaker,usingjustonepieceofapparatus,thespectrophotometer(seepreviousissueNo.116foradetailedtechnicalreview).Grapejuiceandwineareamenabletoenzymatictestingasbeingliquidstheyarehomogenous,easytomanipulate,andcangenerallybeanalysedwithoutanysamplepreparation.
Megazyme“advanced”winetestkitsgeneralcharacteristicsandvalidation.
Charnock,S.J.,McCleary,B.V.,Daverede,C.&Gallant,P.(2006).ReveuedesOenologues,120,1-5.
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ManyoftheenzymatictestkitsareofficialmethodsofprestigiousorganisationssuchastheAssociationofOfficialAnalyticalChemicals(AOAC)andtheAmericanAssociationofCerealChemists(AACC)inresponsetotheinterestfromoenologists.Megazymedecidedtouseitslonghistoryofenzymaticbio-analysistomakeasignificantcontributiontothewineindustry,bythedevelopmentofarangeofadvancedenzymatictestkits.Thistaskhasnowbeensuccessfullycompletedthroughthestrategicandcomprehensiveprocessofidentifyinglimitationsofexistingenzymaticbio-analysistestkitswheretheyoccurred,andthenusingadvancedtechniques,suchasmolecularBIOLOGy(photo1),torapidlyovercomethem.Noveltestkitshavealsobeendevelopedforanalytesofemerginginteresttotheoenologist,suchasyeastavailablenitrogen(YAN;seepages2-3ofissue117article),orwherepreviouslyenzymesweresimplyeithernotavailable,orweretooexpensivetoemploy,suchasforD-mannitolanalysis.
CombinedintracellularnitrateandNIT2effectsonstoragecarbohydratemetabolisminChlamydomonas.
Remacle,C.,Eppe,G.,Coosemans,N.,Fernandez,E.&Vigeolas,H.(2014).JournalofExperimentalBotany,65(1),23-33.
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Microalgaearereceivingincreasingattentionasalternativeproductionsystemsforrenewableenergysuchasbiofuel.ThephotosyntheticalgaChlamydomonasreinhardtiiiswidelyrecognizedasthemodelsystemtostudyallaspectsofalgalphysiology,includingthemolecularmechanismsunderlyingtheaccumulationofstarchandtriacylglycerol(TAG),whicharetheprecursorsofbiofuel.Allofthesepathwaysnotonlyrequireacarbon(C)supplybutalsoarestronglydependentonasourceofnitrogen(N)tosustainoptimalgrowthrateandbiomassproduction.InordertogainabetterunderstandingoftheregulationofCandNmetabolismsandtheaccumulationofstoragecarbohydrates,theeffectofdifferentNsources(NH4NO3andNH4+)onprimarymetabolismusingvariousmutantsimpairedineitherNIA1,NIT2orbothlociwasperformedbymetabolicanalyses.Thedatademonstratedthat,usingNH4NO3,nia1straindisplayedthemoststrikingphenotype,includinganinhibitionofgrowth,accumulationofintracellularnitrate,andstrongstarchandTAGaccumulation.ThemeasurementsofthedifferentCandNintermediatelevels(amino,organic,andfattyacids),togetherwiththedeterminationofacetateandNH4+remaininginthemedium,clearlyexcludedthehypothesisofaslowerNH4+andacetateassimilationinthismutantinthepresenceofNH4NO3.TheresultsprovideevidenceoftheimplicationofintracellularnitrateandNIT2inthecontrolofCpartitioningintodifferentstoragecarbohydratesundermixotrophicconditionsinChlamydomonas.Theunderlyingmechanismsandimplicationsforstrategiestoincreasebiomassyieldandstorageproductcompositioninoleaginousalgaearediscussed.
AmutationinGDP-mannosepyrophosphorylasecausesconditionalhypersensitivitytoammonium,resultinginArabidopsisrootgrowthinhibition,alteredammoniummetabolism,andhormonehomeostasis.
Barth,C.,Gouzd,Z.A.,Steele,H.P.&Imperio,R.M.(2010).JournalofExperimentalBotany,61(2),379-394.
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Ascorbicacid(AA)isanantioxidantfulfillingamultitudeofcellularfunctions.Givenitspivotalroleinmaintainingtherateofcellgrowthanddivisioninthequiescentcentreoftheroot,itwashypothesizedthattheAA-deficientArabidopsisthalianaMutantsvtc1-1,vtc2-1,vtc3-1,andvtc4-1havealteredrootgrowth.Totestthishypothesis,rootdevelopmentwasstudiedinthewildtypeandvtc1mutantsgrownonMurashigeandSkoogmedium.Itwasdiscovered,however,thatonlythevtc1-1mutanthasstronglyretardedrootgrowth,whiletheothervtcmutantsexhibitawild-typerootphenotype.Itisdemonstratedthattheshort-rootphenotypeinvtc1-1isindependentofAAdeficiencyandoxidativestress.Instead,vtc1-1isconditionallyhypersensitivetoammonium(NH4+).ToprovidenewinsightsintothemechanismofNH4+sensitivityinvtc1-1,rootdevelopment,NH4+content,glutaminesynthetase(GS)activity,glutamatedehydrogenaseactivity,andglutaminecontentwereassessedinwild-typeandvtc1-1mutantplantsgrowninthepresenceandabsenceofhighNH4+andtheGSinhibitorMSO.SinceVTC1encodesaGDP-mannosepyrophosphorylase,anenzymegeneratingGDP-mannoseforAAbiosynthesisandproteinN-glycosylation,itwasalsotestedwhetherproteinN-glycosylationisaffectedinvtc1-1.FurThermore,sincerootdevelopmentrequirestheactionofavarietyofhormones,itwasinvestigatedwhetherhormonehomeostasisislinkedtoNH4+sensitivityinvtc1-1.OurdatasuggestthatNH4+hypersensitivityinvtc1-1iscausedbydisturbedN-glycosylationandthatitisassociatedwithauxinandethylenehomeostasisand/ornitricoxidesignalling.
ProteomicphenotypingofNovosphingobiumnitrogenifigensrevealsarobustcapacityforsimultaneousnitrogenfixation,polyhydroxyalkanoateproduction,andresistancetoreactiveoxygenspecies.
Smit,A.M.,Strabala,T.J.,Peng,L.,Rawson,P.,Lloyd-Jones,G.&Jordan,T.W.(2012).AppliedandEnvironmentalMicrobiology,78(14),4802-4815.
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NovosphingobiumnitrogenifigensY88T(Y88)isafree-living,diazotrophicAlphaproteobacterium,capableofproducing80%ofitsbiomassasthebiopolymerpolyhydroxybutyrate(PHB).Weexploredthepotentialutilityofthisspeciesasapolyhydroxybutyrateproductionstrain,correlatingtheeffectsofglucose,nitrogenavailability,dissolvedoxygenconcentration,andextracellularpHwithpolyhydroxybutyrateproductionandchangesintheY88proteomicprofile.Usingtwo-dimensionaldifferentialingelelectrophoresisandtandemmassspectrometry,weidentified217uniqueproteinsfromsixgrowthconditions.Weobservedreproducible,characteristicproteomicsignaturesforeachofthephysiologicalstatesweexamined.Weidentifiedproteinsthatchangedinabundanceincorrelationwitheithernitrogenfixation,dissolvedoxygenconcentration,oracidificationofthegrowthmedium.Theproteinsthatcorrelatedwithnitrogenfixationwereidentifiedeitherasknownnitrogenfixationproteinsorasnovelproteinsthatwepredictplayrolesinaspectsofnitrogenfixationbasedontheirproteomicprofiles.Incontrast,theproteinsinvolvedincentralcarbonandpolyhydroxybutyratemetabolismwereconstitutivelyabundant,consistentwiththeconstitutivepolyhydroxybutyrateproductionthatweobservedinthisspecies.Threeproteinswithrolesindetoxificationofreactiveoxygenspecieswereidentifiedinthisobligateaerobe.Themostabundantproteininallexperimentswasapolyhydroxyalkanoategranule-associatedprotein,phasin.Thefull-lengthisoformofthisproteinhasalong,intrinsicallydisorderedAla/Pro/Lys-richN-terminalsegment,afeaturethatappearstobeuniquetosphingomonadphasins.ThedatasuggestthatY88haspotentialasaPHBproductionstrainduetoitsaerobictoleranceandmetabolicorientationtowardpolyhydroxybutyrateaccumulation,eveninlow-nitrogengrowthmedium.
Noeffectsofgluteninpatientswithself-reportednon-celiacglutensensitivityafterdietaryreductionoffermentable,poorlyabsorbed,short-chaincarbohydrates.
Biesiekierski,J.R.,Peters,S.L.,Newnham,E.D.,Rosella,O.,Muir,J.G.&Gibson,P.R.(2013).Gastroenterology,145(2),320-328.
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Background&Aims:Patientswithnon-celiacglutensensitivity(NCGS)donothaveceliacdiseasebuttheirsymptomsimprovewhentheyareplacedongluten-freediets.Weinvestigatedthespecificeffectsofglutenafterdietaryreductionoffermentable,poorlyabsorbed,short-chaincarbohydrates(fermentable,oligo-,di-,monosaccharides,andpolyols[FODMAPs])insubjectsbelievedtohaveNCGS.Methods:Weperformedadouble-blindcross-overtrialof37subjects(aged24−61y,6men)withNCGSandirritablebowelsyndrome(basedonRomeIIIcriteria),butnotceliacdisease.Participantswererandomlyassignedtogroupsgivena2-weekdietofreducedFODMAPs,andwerethenplacedonhigh-gluten(16ggluten/d),low-gluten(2ggluten/dand14gwheyprotein/d),orcontrol(16gwheyprotein/d)dietsfor1week,followedbyawashoutperiodofatleast2weeks.WeassessedserumandfecalMarkersofintestinalinflammation/injuryandimmuneactivation,andindicesoffatigue.Twenty-twoparticipantsthencrossedovertogroupsgivengluten(16g/d),whey(16g/d),orcontrol(noadditionalprotein)dietsfor3days.Symptomswereevaluatedbyvisualanaloguescales.Results:Inallparticipants,gastrointestinalsymptomsconsistentlyandsignificantlyimprovedduringreducedFODMAPintake,butsignificantlyworsenedtoasimilardegreewhentheirdietsincludedglutenorwheyprotein.Gluten-specificeffectswereobservedinonly8%ofparticipants.Therewerenodiet-specificchangesinanybiomarker.Duringthe3-dayrechallenge,participants’symptomsincreasedbysimilarlevelsamonggroups.Gluten-specificgastrointestinaleffectswerenotreproduced.Anordereffectwasobserved.Conclusions:Inaplacebo-controlled,cross-overrechallengestudy,wefoundnoevidenceofspecificordose-dependenteffectsofgluteninpatientswithNCGSplaceddietslowinFODMAPs.
Theinteractionbetweenhighammoniadietandbileductligationindevelopingrats:assessmentbyspatialmemoryandasymmetricdimethylarginine.
Huang,L.T.,Chen,C.C.,Sheen,J.M.,Chen,Y.J.,Hsieh,C.S.&Tain,Y.L.(2010).InternationalJournalofDevelopmentalNeuroscience,28(2),169-174.
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Bileductligation(BDL)indevelopingratscausescholestasis,impairedliverfunctionandcognition.Becausebothnitricoxide(NO)andammoniaareimplicatedinhepaticencephalopathy(HE),wehypothesizedthatasymmetricdimethylarginine(ADMA),anendogenousNOsynthaseinhibitor,andammoniaaffectcognitioninyoungratswithBDL.FourgroupsofyoungmaleSprague–Dawleyratsages17dayswereused:ratunderwentlaparotomy(SCgroup),ratunderwentlaparotomyplusa30%ammoniumacetatediet(SC+HAgroup),ratunderwentBDL(BDLgroup),ratsunderwentBDLplushighammoniadiet(BDL+HAgroup).SpatialmemorywasassessedbyMorriswatermazetask.PlasmawascollectedforbiochemicalandADMAanalyses.Liverandbraincortexwerecollectedfordeterminationofproteinargininemethyltransferase-1(PRMT1,ADMA-synthesizingenzyme)anddimethylargininedimethylaminohydrolase(DDAH,ADMA-metabolizingenzyme).WefoundBDLgrouphadsignificantlyhigherplasmadirect/totalbilirubin,aspartateaminotransferase,alanineaminotransferase,ADMA,liverp22phox,andworsespatialperformanceascomparedwithSCgroup.HighammoniadietincreasedplasmaammoniaandADMAconcentration,andaggravatedspatialdeficitinthepresenceofBDL-inducedcholestasis.WeconcludeplasmaADMAplaysaroleinBDL-inducedspatialdeficit.Highammoniaaggravatedthespatialdeficitsencounteredincholestaticyoungrats.
DietaryproteinexcessduringneonatallifealterscolonicMicrobiotaandmucosalresponsetoinflammatorymediatorslaterinlifeinfemalepigs.
Boudry,G.,Jamin,A.,Chatelais,L.,Gras-LeGuen,C.,Michel,C.&LeHuërou-Luron,I.(2013).TheJournalofNutrition,143(8),1225-1232.
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Theinterplaybetweenthecolonicmicrobiotaandgutepithelialandimmunecellsduringtheneonatalperiod,whichestablishesthestructureofthemicrobiotaandprogramsmucosalimmunity,isaffectedbythediet.Wehypothesizedthatprotein-enrichedmilkformulawoulddisturbthisinterplaythroughgreaterfluxofproteinenteringthecolon,withconsequenceslaterinlife.Pigletswerefedfrompostnatalday(PND)2to28eitheranormal-proteinformula(NP;51gprotein/L)orhigh-proteinformula(HP;77gprotein/L)andweanedatPND28,whentheyreceivedstandarddietsuntilPND160.HPfeedingtransientlyincreasedthequantityofproteinenteringthecolon(PND7)butdidnotchangethemicrobiotacompositionatPND28,exceptforahigherproductionofbranched-chainfattyacids(BCFAs)inaninvitrofermentationtest(P<0.05).=""hp=""piglets=""had=""greater=""colonic=""mucosa=""densities=""of=""cluster=""of=""differentiation=""(cd)="">+andCD172+cellsandlowerIl-1βandTnfαmRNAlevelsatPND28(P<0.05).=""later=""in=""life=""(pnd160),=""hp=""females,=""but=""not=""males,=""had=""a=""higher=""increase=""in=""colonic=""permeability=""after=""ex=""vivo=""oxidative=""stress=""and=""higher=""cytokine=""secretion=""in=""response=""to=""lipopolysaccharide=""in=""colonic=""explant=""cultures=""than=""np=""females="">P<0.05).=""hp=""females=""also=""had=""lower=""colonic=""amounts=""of="">F.prausnitziiandBCFAs(P<0.05).=""bcfas=""displayed=""a=""dose-dependent=""protection=""against=""inflammation-induced=""alteration=""of=""barrier=""function=""in=""caco-2=""cells="">P<0.05).=""in=""conclusion,=""protein-enriched=""formula=""had=""little=""impact=""on=""colonic=""microbiota,=""but=""it=""modified=""colonic=""immune=""cell=""development=""and=""had=""a=""long-term=""effect=""on=""adult=""colonic=""mucosa=""sensitivity=""to=""inflammatory=""insults,=""probably=""through=""microbiotal=""and=""hormonal=""factors.="">
EffectsofenzymaticmodificationofwheatproteinontheformationofpyrazinesandothervolatilecomponentsintheMaillardreaction.
Lee,S.E.,Chung,H.&Kim,Y.S.(2012).FoodChemistry,131(4),1248-1254.
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Enzymaticallyhydrolysedwheatglutenhydrolysate(WGH)wasdeamidatedusingglutaminasetoproducedeamidatedwheatglutenhydrolysate(DWGH).VolatilecomponentswereanalysedinWGHandDWGHthermallyreactedwithglucoseorfructose.Inthereactionsystemcontainingglucose,19pyrazines,2furans,and5sulphur-containingcomponentsweredetectedinWGH,while34pyrazines,4furans,and7sulphur-containingcomponentswerefoundinDWGH.Inthesystemcontainingfructose,24pyrazines,3furans,and6sulphur-containingcomponentswereidentifiedinthethermalreactionofWGH,whereas36pyrazines,4furans,and8sulphur-containingcomponentswerefoundinDWGH.ThevolatilecomponentsincreasedinDWGH,bothqualitativelyandquantitatively,mainlyduetofreeammoniareleasedbydeamidation.MorevolatileswerealsodevelopedinWGHandDWGHwithfructosethanwithglucose.ItwasfoundthatammoniareleasedfromwheatproteinviadeamidationparticipatedinthegenerationofdiversevolatilecomponentsincludingpyrazinesintheMaillardreaction.
Characterizationofantibodiesanddevelopmentofanindirectcompetitiveimmunoassayfordetectionofdeamidatedgluten.
Tranquet,O.,Lupi,R.,Echasserieau-Laporte,V.,Pietri,M.,Larré,C.&Denery-Papini,S.(2015).JournalofAgriculturalandFoodChemistry,63(22),5403-5409.
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Diversificationofglutenapplicationsinthefoodandcosmeticsindustrieswasachievedthroughtheproductionofwater-solubleglutenthatcanbeobtainedbydeamidation.Currentanalyticalmethodsdedicatedtoglutendetectionfailedtodetectdeamidatedgluten.AfterimmunizingmicewiththepeptideLQPEEPFPEconjugatedtokeyholelimpethemocyanin,fivemousemonoclonalantibodies(mAbs)wereproducedandsequencesofboundepitopesweredeterminedasXPXEPFPE,whereXisQorE.ThemAbsexhibitedhighspecificityfordeamidatedgliadinsandlowmolecularweightgluteninsubunits.Acompetitiveenzyme-linkedimmunosorbentassay(ELISA)basedonINRA-DG1mAbwasdevelopedwithanIC50%of85ng/mLandalimitofdetectionof25ng/mL.Theintra-andinterassaycoefficientsofvariation(CV)were<10% except="" for="" the="" interassay="" cv="" of="" the="" low-level="" control="" (40="" ng/ml),="" which="" was="" 20%.="" this="" assay="" was="" capable="" of="" detecting="" three="" of="" the="" four="" deamidated="" gluten="" samples="" spiked="" in="" rice="" flour="" at="" 20="" mg/kg.="">
Torulasporadelbrueckiiinthebrewingprocess:Anewapproachtoenhancebioflavourandtoreduceethanolcontent.
Canonico,L.,Agarbati,A.,Comitini,F.&Ciani,M.(2016).Foodmicrobiology,56,45-51.
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Nowadays,consumersrequirefermentedalcoholicbeverageswithparticularandenhancedflavourprofileswhileavoidingthehealthconcernsduetohighethanolcontent.Here,theuseofTorulasporadelbrueckiiwasevaluatedforbeerproduction,inbothpureandinmixedcultureswithaSaccharomycescerevisiaestarterstrain(US-05).Theyeastinteractionswerealsoevaluated.InmixedfermentationswithS. cerevisiae,themainanalyticalcharactersfromT. delbrueckiiwerecomparablewiththoseoftheS. cerevisiaestarterstrain,butthebeerswerecharacterizedbyadistinctiveoverallanalyticalandaromaticprofile.Indeed,therewereinteractionsbetweenS. cerevisiaeandT. delbrueckii,withenhancedethylhexanoate(0.048 mg l-1)andethyloctaonate(0.014 mg l-1)levelsatthe1:20and1:10inoculationratios,respectively;whilephenylethylacetateincreasedinallmixcombinations.ThepresenceofT. delbrueckiiresultedinreducedβ-phenylethanolandisoamylacetatelevels,whichareresponsibleforfloralandfruityaromas,respectively.BeerproducedwithT. delbrueckiipurecultureshadalowalcoholcontent(2.66%;v/v),whilealsoshowingaparticularlyanalyticalandaromaticprofile.
DesigningandcreatingSaccharomycesinterspecifichybridsforimproved,industryrelevant,phenotypes.
Bellon,J.R.,Yang,F.,Day,M.P.,Inglis,D.L.&Chambers,P.J.(2015).AppliedMicrobiologyandBiotechnology,99(20),8597-8609.
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Toremaincompetitiveinincreasinglyovercrowdedmarkets,yeaststraindevelopmentprogrammesarecrucialforfermentation-basedfoodandbeverageindustries.Inawinemakingcontext,therearemanyyeastphenotypesthatstandtobeimproved.Forexample,winemakersendeavouringtoproducesweetdessertwineswrestlewithfermentationchallengesparticulartofermentinghigh-sugarjuices,whichcanleadtoelevatedvolatileaciditylevelsandextendedfermentationtimes.Inthecurrentstudy,weusednaturalyeastbreedingtechniquestogenerateSaccharomycesspp.interspecifichybridsasanon-geneticallymodified(GM)strategytointroducetargetedimprovementsinimportant,wine-relevanttraits.ThehybridsweregeneratedbymatingarobustwinestrainofSaccharomycescerevisiaewithawineisolateofSaccharomycesbayanus,aspeciespreviouslyreportedtoproducewineswithlowconcentrationsofaceticacid.Twohybridsgeneratedfromthecrossshowedrobustfermentationpropertiesinhigh-sugargrapejuiceandproducedbotrytisedRieslingwineswithmuchlowerconcentrationsofaceticacidrelativetotheindustrialwineyeastparent.Thehybridsalsodisplayedsuitabilityforicewineproductionwhenbench-markedagainstanindustrystandardicewineyeast,bydeliveringicewineswithlowerlevelsofaceticacid.Additionally,thehybridyeastproducedwineswithnovelaromaandflavourprofilesandestablishedthatchoiceofyeaststrainimpactsonwinecolour.Thesenewhybridyeastsdisplaythedesiredtargetedfermentationphenotypesfrombothparents,robustfermentationinhigh-sugarjuiceandtheproductionofwineswithlowvolatileacidity,thusestablishingtheirsuitabilityforwinestylesthataretraditionallytroubledbyexcessivevolatileaciditylevels.
ModulationandmodelingofmonoclonalantibodyN‐linkedglycosylationinmammaliancellperfusionreactors.
Karst,D.J.,Scibona,E.,Serra,E.,Bielser,J.M.,Souquet,J.,Stettler,M.,Broly,H.,Soos,M.,Morbidelli,M.&Villiger,T.K.(2017).BiotechnologyandBioengineering,114(9),1978-1990.
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Mammaliancellperfusionculturesaregainingrenewedinterestasanalternativetotraditionalfed-batchprocessesfortheproductionoftherapeuticproteins,suchasmonoclonalantibodies(mAb).Thesteadystateoperationathighviablecelldensityallowsthecontinuousdeliveryofantibodyproductwithincreasedspace-timeyieldandreducedin-processvariabilityofcriticalproductqualityattributes(CQA).Inparticular,theproductionofaconfinedmAbN-linkedglycosylationpatternhasthepotentialtoincreasetherapeuticefficacyandbioactivity.Inthisstudy,weshowthataccuratecontrolofflowrates,mediacompositionandcelldensityofaChinesehamsterovary(CHO)cellperfusionbioreactorallowedtheproductionofaconstantglycosylationprofileforover20days.Steadystatewasreachedafteraninitialtransitionphaseofsixdaysrequiredforthestabilizationofextra-andintracellularprocesses.ThepossibilitytomodulatetheglycosylationprofilewasfurtherinvestigatedinaDesignofExperiment(DoE),atdifferentviablecelldensityandmediasupplementconcentrations.Thisstrategywasimplementedinasequentialscreeningapproach,wherevarioussteadystateswereachievedsequentiallyduringoneculture.Itwasfoundthat,whereashighammonialevelsreachedathighVCDvaluesinhibitedtheprocessingtocomplexglycanstructures,thesupplementationofeithergalactoseormanganeseaswellastheirsynergysignificantlyincreasedtheproportionofcomplexforms.TheobtainedexperimentaldatasetwasusedtocomparethereliabilityofastatisticalresponsesurfacemodeltoamechaNISTicmodelofN-linkedglycosylation.Thelatteroutperformedtheresponsesurfacepredictionswithrespecttoitscapabilityandreliabilityinpredictingthesystembehavior(i.e.glycosylationpattern)outsidetheexperimentalspacecoveredbytheDoEdesignusedforthemodelparameterestimation.Therefore,wecanconcludethatthemodulationofglycosylationinasequentialsteadystateapproachincombinationwithmechanisticmodelrepresentsanefficientandrationalstrategytodevelopcontinuousprocesseswithdesiredN-linkedglycosylationpatterns.
Structureofproteinemulsioninfoodimpactsintestinalmicrobiota,caecalluminalcontentcompositionanddistalintestinecharacteristicsinrats.
Beaumont,M.,Jaoui,D.,Douard,V.,Mat,D.,Koeth,F.,Goustard,B.,Mayeur,C.,Mondot,S.,Hovaghimian,A.,Feunteun,S.L.,Chaumontet,C.,Davila,A.,Tomé,D.,Souchon,I.,Michon,C.,Fromentin,G.,Blachier,F.&Leclerc,M.(2017).MolecularNutrition&FoodResearch,61(10),1700078.
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Scope:Fewstudieshaveevaluatedinvivotheimpactoffoodstructureondigestion,absorptionofnutrientsandonmicrobiotacompositionandmetabolism.Inthisstudyweevaluatedinrattheimpactoftwostructuresofproteinemulsioninfoodongutmicrobiota,luminalcontentcomposition,andintestinalcharacteristics.Methodsandresults:Ratsreceivedfor3weekstwodietsofidenticalcompositionbutbasedonlipid-proteinmatricesofliquidfine(LFE)orgelledcoarse(GCE)emulsion.LFEdietledtohigherabundance,whencomparedtotheGCE,ofLactobacillaceae(Lactobacillusreuteri) intheileum,higherβ-diversityofthecaecummucus-associatedbacteria.Incontrast,theLFEdietledtoadecreasein Akkermansiamuniciphilainthecaecum.ThiscoincidedwithheaviercaecumcontentandhigheramountofisovalerateintheLFEgroup.LFEdietinducedanincreasedexpressionofi)aminoacidtransportersintheileumii)glucagoninthecaecum,togetherwithanelevatedlevelofGLP-1inportalplasma.However,theseintestinaleffectswerenotassociatedwithmodificationoffoodintakeorbodyweightgain.Conclusion:Overall,thestructureofproteinemulsioninfoodaffectstheexpressionofaminoacidtransportersandgutpeptidesconcomitantlywithmodificationofthegutmicrobiotacompositionandactivity.Ourdatasuggestthattheseeffectsoftheemulsionstructurearetheresultofamodificationofproteindigestionproperties.
EffectofasparticacidandglutamateonmetabolismandacidstressresistanceofAcetobacterpasteurianus.
Yin,H.,Zhang,R.,Xia,M.,Bai,X.,Mou,J.,Zheng,Y.&Wang,M.(2017).MicrobialCellFactories,16(1),109.
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Background:Aceticacidbacteria(AAB)arewidelyappliedinfood,bioengineeringandmedicinefields.However,theacidstressatlowpHconditionslimitsaceticacidfermentationefficiencyandhighconcentrationofvinegarproductionwithAAB.Therefore,howtoenhanceresistanceabilityoftheAABremainsasthemajorchallenge.Aminoacidsplayanimportantroleincellgrowthandcellsurvivalundersevereenvironment.However,untilnowtheeffectsofaminoacidsonaceticfermentationandacidstressresistanceofAABhavenotbeenfullystudied.Results:InthepresentworktheeffectsofaminoacidsonmetabolismandacidstressresistanceofAcetobacterpasteurianuswereinvestigated.Cellgrowth,culturablecellcounts,aceticacidproduction,aceticacidproductionrateandspecificproductionrateofaceticacidofA.pasteurianusrevealedanincreaseof1.04,5.43,1.45,3.30and0.79-foldsbyaddingasparticacid(Asp),andcellgrowth,culturablecellcounts,aceticacidproductionandaceticacidproductionraterevealedanincreaseof0.51,0.72,0.60and0.94-foldsbyaddingglutamate(Glu),respectively.Forafullyunderstandingofthebiologicalmechanism,proteomictechnologywascarriedout.Theresultsshowedthatthestrengtheningmechanismmainlycamefromthefollowingfouraspects:(1)EnhancingthegenerationofpentosephosphatesandNADPHforthesynthesisofnucleicacid,fattyacidsandglutathione(GSH)throughoutpentosephosphatepathway.AndGSHcouldprotectbacteriafromlowpH,halide,oxidativestressandosmoticstressbymaintainingtheviabilityofcellsthroughintracellularredoxequilibrium;(2)ReinforcingdeaminationofaminoacidstoincreaseintracellularammoniaconcentrationtomaintainstabilityofintracellularpH;(3)EnhancingnucleicacidsynthesisandreparationofimpairedDNAcausedbyacidstressdamage;(4)Promotingunsaturatedfattyacidssynthesisandlipidtransport,whichresultedintheimprovementofcytomembranefluidity,stabilityandintegrity.Conclusions:ThepresentworkisthestudytoshowtheeffectivenessofAspandGluonmetabolismandacidstressresistanceofA.pasteurianusaswellastheirworkingmechanism.Theresearchresultswillbehelpfulfordevelopmentofnutrientsalts,theoptimizationandregulationofhighconcentrationofcidervinegarproductionprocess.
TorulasporadelbrueckiicontributioninmixedbrewingfermentationswithdifferentSaccharomycescerevisiaestrains.
Canonico,L.,Comitini,F.&Ciani,M.(2017).InternationalJournalofFoodMicrobiology,259,7-13.
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Inrecentyears,therehasbeengrowingdemandfordistinctivehighqualitybeer.Fermentationmanagementhasafundamentalroleinbeerqualityandthelevelsofaromacompounds.Useofnon-conventionalyeasthasbeenproposedtoenhancebeerbioflavor.InthepresentworkweinvestigatedmixedfermentationsusingthreecommercialSaccharomycescerevisiaestrains,withoutandwithadditionofaselectedTorulasporadelbrueckiistrainevaluatingtheirinteractions,aswellasthearomaprofiles.AttheS.cerevisiae/T.delbrueckiico-inoculationratioof1:20,viablecellcountsindicatedthatT.delbrueckiidominatedallofthethreecombinations.Inthemixedfermentations,T.delbrueckiiprovidedhigherlevelsofhigheralcohols(exceptingofβ-phenylethanol),incontrasttodataobtainedinwinemaking,wherehigheralcoholshadlowerlevels.Moreover,mixedfermentationsshowedsignificantlyhigherethylacetate(from5to16 mg/L)andisoamylacetate(from0.019to0.128 mg/L),andweregenerallylowerinethylhexanoateandethyloctanoate.Therefore,irrespectiveofS.cerevisiaestrain,T.delbrueckiiinfluencedonallmixedfermentations.Ontheotherhand,themixedfermentationswerealsoaffectedbyeachofthethreeS.cerevisiaestrains,whichresultedinbeerswithdistinctiveflavors.
UV-methodforthedeterminationofAmmoniainfoodstuffs,
beveragesandothermaterials
Principle:
(microbialglutamatedehydrogenase)
(1)2-Oxoglutarate+NADPH+NH4+→L-glutamicacid+NADP+
+H2O
Kitsize: *96assays(manual)/960(microplate)
/960(auto-analyser)* Thenumberofmanualtestsperkitcanbedoubledifallvolumesarehalved.
ThiscanbereadilyaccommodatedusingtheMegaQuantTM Wave
Spectrophotometer(D-MQWAVE).Method: Spectrophotometricat340nm
Reactiontime: ~5min
Detectionlimit: 0.07mg/L
Applicationexamples:
Grapejuice,wine,fruitjuices,softdrinks,dairyproducts(e.g.milk),
dieteticfood,soysauce,eggsandeggproducts,cheese,meat,
processedmeat,seafood,bakeryproducts(andbakingagents),
fertilisers,pharmaceuticals,tobacco,cosmetics,water,Kjeldahl
analysis,paper(andcardboard),waterandothermaterials
(e.g.biologicalcultures,samples,etc.)
Methodrecognition:
MethodsbasedonthisprinciplehavebeenacceptedbyMEBAK
Advantages
- Veryrapidreactionduetouseofuninhibitedglutamatedehydrogenase
- EnzymesuppliedasstabilisedsUSPension
- Verycompetitiveprice(costpertest)
- Allreagentsstablefor>2yearsassupplied
- Mega-Calc™softwaretoolisavailablefromourwebsiteforhassle-freerawdataprocessing
- Standardincluded
- Extendedcofactorsstability
- Suitableformanual,microplateandauto-analyserformats
品牌介绍
Megazyme品牌产品简介
来源：作者：人气：2149发表时间：2016-05-19 10:59:00【大 中 小】
Megazyme是一家全球性公司，专注于开发和提供用于饮料、谷物、乳制品、食品、饲料、发酵、生物燃料和葡萄酒产业用的分析试剂、酶和检测试剂盒。Megazyme的许多检测试剂盒产品已经为众多官方科学协会（包括AOAC, AACC , RACI, EBC和ICC等），经过严格的审核，批准认证为官方标准方法，确保以准确、可靠、定量和易于使用的测试方法，满足客户的质量诉求。
Megazyme的主要产品线包括：
◆ 检测试剂盒
◆ 酶
◆ 酶底物
◆ 碳水化合物
◆ 化学品/仪器
官网地址：http://www.megazyme.com
检测试剂盒特色产品：
货号
中文品名
用途
K-ACETAF
乙酸[AF法]检测试剂盒
酶法定量分析乙酸最广泛使用的方法
K-ACHDF
可吸收糖/膳食纤维检测试剂盒
酒精沉淀法测定膳食纤维
K-AMIAR
氨快速检测试剂盒
用于包括葡萄汁、葡萄酒以及其它食品饮料样品中氨含量的快速检测分析。
K-AMYL
直链淀粉/支链淀粉检测试剂盒
谷物淀粉和而粉中直链淀粉/支链淀粉比例和含量检测
K-ARAB
阿拉伯聚糖检测试剂盒
果汁浓缩液中阿拉伯聚糖的检测
K-ASNAM
L-天冬酰胺/L-谷氨酰胺和氨快速检测试剂盒
用于食品工业中丙烯酰胺前体、细胞培养基、以及上清液组分中、L-天冬酰胺，谷氨酰胺和氨的检测分析
K-ASPTM
阿斯巴甜检测试剂盒
专业用于测定饮料和食品中阿斯巴甜含量，操作简单
K-BETA3
β-淀粉酶检测试剂盒
适用于麦芽粉中β-淀粉酶的测定
K-BGLU
混合键β-葡聚糖检测试剂盒
测定谷物、荞麦粉、麦汁、啤酒及其它食品中混合键β-葡聚糖(1,3:1,4-β-D-葡聚糖)的含量
K-CERA
α-淀粉酶检测试剂盒
谷物和发酵液（真菌和细菌）中α-淀粉酶的分析测定
K-CITR
柠檬酸检测试剂盒
快速、可靠地检测食品、饮料和其它物料中柠檬酸（柠檬酸盐）含量
K-DLATE
乳酸快速检测试剂盒
快速、特异性检测饮料、肉类、奶制品和其它食品中L-乳酸和D-乳酸(乳酸盐）含量
K-EBHLG
酵母β-葡聚糖酶检测试剂盒
用于测量和分析酵母中1,3:1,6?-β-葡聚糖，也可以检测1,3-葡聚糖
K-ETSULPH
总亚硫酸检测试剂盒
测定葡萄酒、饮料、食品和其他物料中总亚硫酸含量（按二氧化硫计）的一种简单，高效，可靠的酶法检测方法
K-FRGLMQ
D-果糖/D-葡萄糖[MegaQuant法]检测试剂盒
适用于使用megaquant?色度计（505nm下）测定葡萄、葡萄汁和葡萄酒中D-果糖和D-葡萄糖的含量。
K-FRUC
果聚糖检测试剂盒
含有淀粉、蔗糖和其他糖类的植物提取物和食品中果聚糖的含量测定。
K-FRUGL
D-果糖/D-葡萄糖检测试剂盒
对植物和食品中果糖或葡萄糖含量的酶法紫外分光测定。
K-GALM
半乳甘露聚糖检测试剂盒
食品和植物产品中半乳甘露聚糖的含量检测
K-GLUC
D-葡萄糖[GOPOD]检测试剂盒
谷物提取物中D-葡萄糖的含量测定，可以和其它Megazyme检测试剂盒联合使用。
K-GLUHK
D-葡萄糖[HK]检测试剂盒
植物和食品中D-葡萄糖的含量测定，可以和其它Megazyme检测试剂盒联合使用。
K-GLUM
葡甘聚糖检测试剂盒
植物和食品中葡甘聚糖的含量测定。
K-INTDF
总膳食纤维检测试剂盒
总膳食纤维特定检测和分析
K-LACGAR
乳糖/D-半乳糖快速检测试剂盒
用于快速检测食品和植物产品中乳糖、D-半乳糖和L-阿拉伯糖
K-LACSU
乳糖/蔗糖/D-葡萄糖检测试剂盒
混合面粉和其它物料中蔗糖、乳糖和D-葡萄糖的测定
K-LACTUL
乳果糖检测试剂盒
特异性、快速和灵敏测量奶基样品中乳果糖含量
K-MANGL
D-甘露糖/D-果糖/D-葡萄糖检测试剂盒
适合测定植物产品和多糖酸性水解产物中D-甘露糖含量
K-MASUG
麦芽糖/蔗糖/D-葡萄糖检测试剂盒
在植物和食品中麦芽糖，蔗糖和葡萄糖的含量检测
K-PECID
胶质识别检测试剂盒
食品配料中果胶的鉴别
K-PHYT
植酸(总磷)检测试剂盒
食品和饲料样品植酸/总磷含量测量的简便方法。不需要通过阴离子交换色谱对植酸纯化，适合于大量样本分析
K-PYRUV
丙酮酸检测试剂盒
在啤酒、葡萄酒、果汁、食品和体液中丙酮酸分析
K-RAFGA
棉子糖/D-半乳糖检测试剂盒
快速测量植物材料和食品中棉子糖和半乳糖含量
K-RAFGL
棉子糖/蔗糖/D-半乳糖检测试剂盒
分析种子和种子粉中D-葡萄糖、蔗糖、棉子糖、水苏糖和毛蕊花糖含量。通过将棉子糖、水苏糖和毛蕊花糖酶解D-葡萄糖、D-果糖和半乳糖，从而测定葡萄糖含量来确定
K-SDAM
淀粉损伤检测试剂盒
谷物面粉中淀粉损伤的检测和分析
K-SUCGL
蔗糖/D-葡萄糖检测试剂盒
饮料、果汁、蜂蜜和食品中蔗糖和葡萄糖的分析
K-SUFRG
蔗糖/D-果糖/D-葡萄糖检测试剂盒
适用于植物和食品中蔗糖、D-葡萄糖和D-果糖的测定
K-TDFR
总膳食纤维检测试剂盒
总膳食纤维检测
K-TREH
海藻糖检测试剂盒
快速、可靠地检测食品、饮料和其它物料中海藻糖含量
K-URAMR
尿素/氨快速检测试剂盒
适用于水、饮料、乳制品和食品中尿素和氨的快速测定
K-URONIC
D-葡萄糖醛酸/D-半乳糖醛酸检测试剂盒
简单、可靠、精确测定植物提取物、培养基/上清液以及其它物料中六元糖醛酸含量（D-葡萄糖醛酸和D-半乳糖醛酸）
K-XYLOSE
D-木糖检测试剂盒
简单、可靠、精确测定植物提取物、培养基/上清液以及其它物料中D-木糖含量
K-YBGL
Beta葡聚糖[酵母和蘑菇]检测试剂盒
检测酵母和蘑菇制品中1,3:1,6-beta-葡聚糖和α-葡聚糖含量
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